Bolivia
ASM Population: 230,000
Rationale: As according to GEF-21 ASGM alone employs 200,000 miners, the best guess for the total is 230,000 (including tin, base metals, etc.)
Min/max: Country appears to be well assessed, min/max is therefore set to approx. 5% i.e. +/- 10,000.
Female participation: Approx. 30% are women, i.e. approx 75,000.
Gold is 200,000 according to GEF-21
Data sources for estimation
2021: 200,000 ASGM
(GEF-21):
People employed in ASGM: 200,000 Gold produced (kg/year): 37,000 Mercury released (kg/year): 120,000
2018: 209,800
(ARM-18): Table Annex 3: 209,800
2014: 130,000
(UBC-14): Gold-only data produced by statistic modelling:
Expected ASM population: 130,000 Estimated ASM gold production: 24.8 t/
2014: 45,000
(SPDA-14): 45,000
Data apparently for gold and “illegal” only
“Número de personas dedicadas a la minería informal/ilegal: 45 000 / Número de personas que dependen de la minería informal/ilegal: 209,800”
2013: 72,000
(IIED-13): 72,000
2003: 72,000
(MMSD-03): Estimate for MMSD research country: 72,000
MMSD study by D.Bocangel (http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G00714.pdf)
1999: 100,000
(ILO-99):
Employment: 100,000 Number of mines: 1,000 Illegal mines (%): 10-20
Publications
| Reference | Year | Citation | Archived Copy | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPDA-14 | 2014 | Heck, C., coord. (2014): La realidad de la minería ilegal en países amazónicos. SPDA. Lima. | spda-14.pdf | spda.org.pe/… |
| ARM-18 | 2018 | Barreto, M.L.,Schein, P., Hinton, J., Hruschka, F. (2018): The Impact of Small-Scale Mining Operations on Economies and Livelihoods in Low- to Middle-Income Countries. ARM, Envigado, PACT, Westcombe. | arm-18.pdf | responsiblemines.org/… |
| GEF-21 | 2021 | GEF (2021): Second phase of planetGOLD doubles countries addressing mercury in ASGM. Article on PlanetGOLD website, 29 March 2021 | gef-21.pdf | planetgold.org/… |
| ILO-99 | 1999 | Jennings, N. (1999): Social and labour issues in small-scale mines. Report for discussion at the Tripartite Meeting on Social and Labour Issues in Small-scale Mines. ILO, Geneva. | ilo-99.pdf | ilo.org/… |
| IGF-18 | 2018 | IGF (2018): Global Trends in Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM): A review of key numbers and issues. IIED/IISD, London, Winnipeg. | igf-18.pdf | iisd.org/… |
| GMA-18 | 2018 | UNEP (2018): Global Mercury Assessment 2018. Technical Background Report E-Annex. Chapter 3.2. UNEP, Geneva. | gma-18.pdf | wedocs.unep.org/… |
| MMSD-03 | 2003 | Hentschel, T., Hruschka, F., Priester, M. (2003): Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining - Challenges and Opportunities. MMSD (IIED), London. | mmsd-03.pdf | pubs.iied.org/… |
| IIED-13 | 2013 | Buxton, A. (2013): Responding to the challenge of artisanal and small-scale mining. How can knowledge networks help? IIED, London. | iied-13.pdf | pubs.iied.org/… |
| UBC-14 | 2014 | Seccatore, J., Veiga, M., et al. (Univ. of British Columbia - UBC) (2014): An estimation of the artisanal small-scale production of gold in the world. Scitotenv. 496. | ubc-14.pdf | doi.org/… |
Further Materials
Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLF4700C54ADDCE0FB
Articles:
| ASM DATA - Country Database Record | |
|---|---|
| Country Code | BOL |
| Country | Bolivia |
| ASM Status | Existing (data assessed) |
| Country Count | 1 |
| Data year | 2021 |
| Publ. year | 2021 |
| ASM Miners | 230,000 |
| - gold | 200 ,000 |
| Data curation | extrapolated |
| Inc. DevMin | no |
| - min. | 220,000 |
| - max. | 240,000 |
| - female | 75 ,000 |
| ASM Commodities | gold, tin, base metals |