Zimbabwe

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2018: 500,000

(IGF-18): Table 3 quoting HIL-16

Directly working in ASM: 500,000
Estimated number of dependants: 3,000,000
Main Minerals: Gold, Diamonds, Coloured gemstones

2016: 500,000

(HIL-16):

Directly working in ASM: 500,000
Estimated number of dependants: 3,000,000

2015: 1,000,000

(ZWE-2015a):

2014: 509,000

(UBC-14): Gold-only data produced by statistic modelling:

Expected ASM population: 509,000 
Estimated ASM gold production: 2.8 t/a

2013: 425,000

(IIED-13): 350,000 - 500,000

2003: 350,000

(MMSD-03): Estimate for MMSD research country: 350,000
MMSD study by B.Drechsler (https://commdev.org/pdf/publications/Small-Scale-Mining-Development-SADC-Region.pdf)

1999: 200,000

(ILO-99): Employment: 50,000 - 350,000
Number of mines: 200
Illegal mines: +/- 30%

Reference	Year	Citation
ARM-18	2018	Barreto, M.L.,Schein, P., Hinton, J., Hruschka, F. (2018): The Impact of Small-Scale Mining Operations on Economies and Livelihoods in Low- to Middle-Income Countries. ARM, Envigado, PACT, Westcombe.
IGF-18	2018	IGF (2018): Global Trends in Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM): A review of key numbers and issues. IIED/IISD, London, Winnipeg.
ZWE-2018a	2018	ZEPARU (2018): Pathway to foermalization of Artisanal Mining in Zimbabwe. Harare..
GMA-18	2018	UNEP (2018): Global Mercury Assessment 2018. Technical Background Report E-Annex. Chapter 3.2. UNEP, Geneva.
AMDC-17	2017	AMDC (2017): ASM Sector Report. Selected countries policy profile review of ASM
HIL-16	2016	Hilson, G. (2016): Artisanal and small-scale mining and agriculture: Exploring their links in rural sub-Saharan Africa. IIED, London.
ZWE-2015a	2015	Pact (2015): A Golden Opportunity: Scoping Study of Artisanal and Small-scale Mining in Zimbabwe. Pact, Washington
UBC-14	2014	Seccatore, J., Veiga, M., et al. (Univ. of British Columbia - UBC) (2014): An estimation of the artisanal small-scale production of gold in the world. Scitotenv. 496.
IIED-13	2013	Buxton, A. (2013): Responding to the challenge of artisanal and small-scale mining. How can knowledge networks help? IIED, London.
MMSD-03	2003	Hentschel, T., Hruschka, F., Priester, M. (2003): Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining - Challenges and Opportunities. MMSD (IIED), London.
ITDG-01	2001	Dreschler, B. (2001): Small-scale Mining and Sustainable Development within the SADC Region. MMSD, ITDG, London
ILO-99	1999	Jennings, N. (1999): Social and labour issues in small-scale mines. Report for discussion at the Tripartite Meeting on Social and Labour Issues in Small-scale Mines. ILO, Geneva.

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asmdata
ASM Status	Existing (data assessed)
ASM Miners	509,000

Zimbabwe

ASM Population: 509,000

Data sources for estimation