Peru
ASM Population: 100,000
Total: Following DELVE-19 → 100,000
Min/max: Considering current gold prices, min is unlikely to be significantly lower than above total. According to SPDA-14 max could be in the range of 150,000 → 95,000 - 150,000
Female participation: 15% according to DELVE-19 → 15,000
Gold: All data are for ASGM → 100,000
Data sources for estimation
2019: 100,000
DELVE-19: Country Profile Peru 100,000
ASM Employment: 100,000 directly, 500,000 indirectly Female Miners: 15% (15,000) Formalization: >80% informal Materials mined by ASM • Gold: Gold: 890,000 ounces in 2016 • Copper: Unknown • Coal: Unknown
2014: 70,000
(UBC-14): Gold-only data produced by statistic modelling:
Expected ASM population: 70,000 Estimated ASM gold production: 40 t/a
2014: 150,000
(SPDA-14): 150,000
Data apparently for gold and “illegal” only.
2003: 30,000
(MMSD-03): Estimate for MMSD research country: 30,000
MMSD study by J.Kuramoto (http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G00730.pdf)
1999: 37,500
(ILO-99): Employment: 25,000 - 50,000
Number of mines: 1,550
Illegal mines: +/- 50%
Publications
| Reference | Year | Citation | Archived Copy | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DELVE-19 | 2019 | World Bank (2019): 2019 State of the Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining Sector. World Bank, Washington D.C. | delve-19.pdf | delvedatabase.org/… |
| ARM-18 | 2018 | Barreto, M.L.,Schein, P., Hinton, J., Hruschka, F. (2018): The Impact of Small-Scale Mining Operations on Economies and Livelihoods in Low- to Middle-Income Countries. ARM, Envigado, PACT, Westcombe. | arm-18.pdf | responsiblemines.org/… |
| IGF-18 | 2018 | IGF (2018): Global Trends in Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM): A review of key numbers and issues. IIED/IISD, London, Winnipeg. | igf-18.pdf | iisd.org/… |
| GMA-18 | 2018 | UNEP (2018): Global Mercury Assessment 2018. Technical Background Report E-Annex. Chapter 3.2. UNEP, Geneva. | gma-18.pdf | wedocs.unep.org/… |
| UBC-14 | 2014 | Seccatore, J., Veiga, M., et al. (Univ. of British Columbia - UBC) (2014): An estimation of the artisanal small-scale production of gold in the world. Scitotenv. 496. | ubc-14.pdf | doi.org/… |
| SPDA-14 | 2014 | Heck, C., coord. (2014): La realidad de la minería ilegal en países amazónicos. SPDA. Lima. | spda-14.pdf | spda.org.pe/… |
| MMSD-03 | 2003 | Hentschel, T., Hruschka, F., Priester, M. (2003): Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining - Challenges and Opportunities. MMSD (IIED), London. | mmsd-03.pdf | pubs.iied.org/… |
| ILO-99 | 1999 | Jennings, N. (1999): Social and labour issues in small-scale mines. Report for discussion at the Tripartite Meeting on Social and Labour Issues in Small-scale Mines. ILO, Geneva. | ilo-99.pdf | ilo.org/… |
Further Materials
Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL42CBEBFC2E0569D0
Articles:
Data section
| ASM DATA - Country Database Record | |
|---|---|
| Country Code | PER |
| Country | Peru |
| ASM Status | Existing (data assessed) |
| Country Count | 1 |
| Data year | 2019 |
| Publ. year | 2019 |
| ASM Miners | 100,000 |
| - gold | 100 ,000 |
| Data curation | as reported |
| Inc. DevMin | no |
| - min. | 95,000 |
| - max. | 150,000 |
| - female | 15 ,000 |
| ASM Commodities | gold |